What is a transformer used for in electrical circuits?

A transformer is fundamentally utilized in electrical circuits to change voltage levels. It operates on the principle of electromagnetic induction, allowing it to step up (increase) or step down (decrease) the voltage of alternating current (AC) signals. By altering the voltage, transformers play a crucial role in the efficient transmission and distribution of electrical energy.

For example, high voltages are typically used to transmit electricity over long distances to minimize energy losses. Once the electricity reaches its destination, transformers lower the voltage to safer levels suitable for residential and commercial use. Thus, their primary function is to adjust voltage levels according to the needs of the electrical system, ensuring that power can be utilized effectively and safely.